Cortical tuber - Revision history

Jensflorian: /* General */ Cell loss

2019-10-14T13:17:40Z

General: Cell loss

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:17, 14 October 2019
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	*Seen in 80-90% of the TSC cases.		*Seen in 80-90% of the TSC cases.
	*Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled.		*Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled.
	*Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons~~, disrupted cortical lamination~~, gliosis, calcifications.		*Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons, gliosis, calcifications.
			*Prominent cell loss in all cortical layers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Mühlebner \| first1 = A. \| last2 = Iyer \| first2 = AM. \| last3 = van Scheppingen \| first3 = J. \| last4 = Anink \| first4 = JJ. \| last5 = Jansen \| first5 = FE. \| last6 = Veersema \| first6 = TJ. \| last7 = Braun \| first7 = KP. \| last8 = Spliet \| first8 = WG. \| last9 = van Hecke \| first9 = W. \| title = Specific pattern of maturation and differentiation in the formation of cortical tubers in tuberous sclerosis omplex (TSC): evidence from layer-specific marker expression. \| journal = J Neurodev Disord \| volume = 8 \| issue = \| pages = 9 \| month = \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1186/s11689-016-9142-0 \| PMID = 27042238 }}</ref>
	*Normal cortical lamination is lost in the lesion.		*Normal cortical lamination is lost in the lesion.
	*TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>		*TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>

Jensflorian: /* General */ IHC

2019-10-14T13:11:02Z

General: IHC

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:11, 14 October 2019
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	*Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled.		*Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled.
	*Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons, disrupted cortical lamination, gliosis, calcifications.		*Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons, disrupted cortical lamination, gliosis, calcifications.
			*Normal cortical lamination is lost in the lesion.
			*TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>

			==IHC==
	*Ballon cells are Vim+ve, MAP2+ve, Nestin+ve, GFAP+/-ve, NeuN+/-ve.		*Ballon cells are Vim+ve, MAP2+ve, Nestin+ve, GFAP+/-ve, NeuN+/-ve.
	*TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>

	<gallery>		<gallery>

Jensflorian: /* General */ link

2019-10-14T13:07:26Z

General: link

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:07, 14 October 2019
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	File:Tuber_GFAP_20191014_012.jpg\|GFAP sparing dysmorphic ballon cells.		File:Tuber_GFAP_20191014_012.jpg\|GFAP sparing dysmorphic ballon cells.
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			==Imaging==
			Examples on Radiopedia [[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/cortical-tubers]]

	==DDx==		==DDx==

Jensflorian: GFAP image added

2019-10-14T13:06:03Z

GFAP image added

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, 14 October 2019
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	==General==		==General==
	*Cortical tubers are malformative, epilepsy-associated.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Cotter \| first1 = JA. \| title = An update on the central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Acta Neuropathol \| volume = \| issue = \| pages = \| month = Apr \| year = 2019 \| doi = 10.1007/s00401-019-02003-1 \| PMID = 30976976 }}</ref>		*Cortical tubers are malformative, epilepsy-associated.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Cotter \| first1 = JA. \| title = An update on the central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Acta Neuropathol \| volume = \| issue = \| pages = \| month = Apr \| year = 2019 \| doi = 10.1007/s00401-019-02003-1 \| PMID = 30976976 }}</ref>
	**Seen in 80-90% of the TSC cases.		*Seen in 80-90% of the TSC cases.
	**Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled.		*Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled.
	**Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons, disrupted cortical lamination, gliosis, calcifications.		*Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons, disrupted cortical lamination, gliosis, calcifications.
	**Ballon cells are Vim+ve, MAP2+ve, Nestin+ve, GFAP+/-ve, NeuN+/-ve.		*Ballon cells are Vim+ve, MAP2+ve, Nestin+ve, GFAP+/-ve, NeuN+/-ve.
	**TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>		*TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>

			<gallery>
			File:Tuber_GFAP_20191014_012.jpg\|GFAP sparing dysmorphic ballon cells.
			</gallery>

	==DDx==		==DDx==
	* Focal cortical dysplasia ILAE type IIB (Tubers are usu. multifocal).		* [[Focal cortical dysplasia]] ILAE type IIB (Tubers are usu. multifocal).

	==See also==		==See also==

Jensflorian: move

2019-10-14T13:04:19Z

move

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:04, 14 October 2019
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	[[Image:Tuber HE 20191014 011.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Micrograph]] showing a cortical tuber. [[H&E stain]]. (WC/~~KGH)~~]]		[[Image:Tuber HE 20191014 011.jpg\|thumb\|right\|[[Micrograph]] showing a cortical tuber. [[H&E stain]]. (WC/jensflorian]]
	'''Cortical tubers''' are malformative lesions in the CNS observed in '''tuberous sclerosis complex''' (abbreviated '''TSC'''), an autosomal dominant [[syndrome]].		'''Cortical tubers''' are malformative lesions in the CNS observed in '''tuberous sclerosis complex''' (abbreviated '''TSC'''), an autosomal dominant [[syndrome]].


	==General==		==General==
			*Cortical tubers are malformative, epilepsy-associated.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Cotter \| first1 = JA. \| title = An update on the central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Acta Neuropathol \| volume = \| issue = \| pages = \| month = Apr \| year = 2019 \| doi = 10.1007/s00401-019-02003-1 \| PMID = 30976976 }}</ref>
			**Seen in 80-90% of the TSC cases.
			**Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled.
			**Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons, disrupted cortical lamination, gliosis, calcifications.
			**Ballon cells are Vim+ve, MAP2+ve, Nestin+ve, GFAP+/-ve, NeuN+/-ve.
			**TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal \| last1 = Overwater \| first1 = IE. \| last2 = Swenker \| first2 = R. \| last3 = van der Ende \| first3 = EL. \| last4 = Hanemaayer \| first4 = KB. \| last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld \| first5 = M. \| last6 = van Eeghen \| first6 = AM. \| last7 = Lequin \| first7 = MH. \| last8 = van den Ouweland \| first8 = AM. \| last9 = Moll \| first9 = HA. \| title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. \| journal = Eur J Hum Genet \| volume = 24 \| issue = 12 \| pages = 1688-1695 \| month = 12 \| year = 2016 \| doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 \| PMID = 27406250 }}</ref>


	==~~Associations~~==		==DDx==
			* Focal cortical dysplasia ILAE type IIB (Tubers are usu. multifocal).
	~~==Incidence==~~
	~~~1 in 10,000 population.<ref name=emed_ts>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1177711-overview http://emedicine.medscape~~.~~com/article/1177711-overview]~~. ~~Accessed~~

	==See also==		==See also==
	*		[[Tuberous sclerosis]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:~~Syndromes~~]]		[[Category:Malformation]]
	[[Category:Neuropathology]]		[[Category:Neuropathology]]

Jensflorian: Created

2019-10-14T13:00:37Z

Created

New page

[[Image:Tuber HE 20191014 011.jpg|thumb|right|[[Micrograph]] showing a cortical tuber. [[H&E stain]]. (WC/KGH)]]
'''Cortical tubers''' are malformative lesions in the CNS observed in '''tuberous sclerosis complex''' (abbreviated '''TSC'''), an autosomal dominant [[syndrome]].

==General==

==Associations==

==Incidence==
~1 in 10,000 population.<ref name=emed_ts>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1177711-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1177711-overview]. Accessed

==See also==
*

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Syndromes]]
[[Category:Neuropathology]]